speak/say/tell/talk“四说”辨析
一、speak 说;讲话;演讲 (vi.)
1、过去式:spoke
过去分词:spoken
2、speak to sb.和……讲(电话用语)
例如:May I speak to Lucy?我能和Lucy说话吗?
3、speak to/with sb.(about sth.)对某人说(某事)
例如:I spoke to /with the chairman about my idea.我和主席谈了我的想法。
I spoke to my brother about his car.我和我哥哥谈了他的车。
4、speak+语言 表示“说某种语言”(这里的speak是及物动词vt.)
in+语言 表示“用……语言说”(这里的in是介词prep.)
例如:I can speak English.我会说英语。
Let' speak in Chinese.让我们用中文说。
二、tell 告诉;讲述
1、过去式:told
过去分词:told
2、tell stories/a story讲故事
3、tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb.告诉某人某事
例如:He told his parents the good news.=He told the good news to his parents.
4、tell sb.to do sth.告诉某人做某事
tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事
5、tell 区别;辨别;看
例如:I can tell the time.我会看时间。
I can't tell which is which.我不能分辨哪个是哪个。
三、talk 谈话;说话;与人交谈
1、过去式:talked
过去分词:talked
2、talk on the phone接电话=on the phone
3、talk to sb./with sb. 与……交谈
例如:Jack is talking to/with his mother.
4、talk about sth.……谈论某事
例如:We are talking about our job.
四、say、强调说话内容包括观点、感受、想法
1、过去式:said
过去分词:said
2、say to sb.对某人说
例如:What did you say to him?你对他说了什么
3、say+句子
例如:He said (that)he wanted to go.他说他想要去。